In this paper we propose a method for the construction of quality models for composite cots based software systems ccss, defined as systems that are composed by several interconnected cots products. Cotsbased systems include traditionally developed software. Software engineering metrics for cotsbased systems t he paradigm shift to commercial offtheshelfcomponents appears inevitable, necessitating drastic changes to current software development and business practices. Hansen january2000 cotsbased systems initiative unlimited distribution subject to the. Software engineering metrics for cots based systems computer. Cots based software development within a particular nasa environment, with an emphasis on the processes used. Theconferencesponsors,thenationalresearchco cil canada, the software engineering institute, and the university of southern california center for software engineering, aim to. Much of that change has come about due to a maturing software component industry and to the wide variety of. Cotsbased software systems first international conference.
With a modular cotsbased test platform from g systems based on keysight instrumentation you can reduce the cost and development time of your functional ate allowing you to accelerate the deployment of your testing strategy. Cotsbased software systems 4th international conference, iccbss 2005, bilbao, spain, february 711, 2005. Definition manual, computer science department, usc center for. Theconferencesponsors,thenationalresearchco cil canada, the software engineering institute, and the university of southern california center for software engineering, aim to bring together managers, velopers, maintainers, and researchers to share their expertise and experience. A management guide to software maintenance in cots. In this paper, we propose the recss method aimed at supporting requirements elicitation and analysis in the context of cotsbased software systems. Pdf a software development process for cotsbased information. Specifics about the quantification and application of these factors can be found in 6. In managing cotsbased systems, it is important to include not only the cots products that become part of the operational system, but also the cots products in the software development environment, and products that document the system requirements, and manage the. Sustaining activities for maintaining cots based systems 5. This provides the first level of risk reduction in the new applications development and test schedule. Taking a cotsbased approach to implementing enterprise gis. Cotsbased software development umd department of computer.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the second international conference on cotsbased software systems, iccbss 2003, held in ottawa, canada in february 2003. The cbs approach changes the focus of software engineering from one of traditional system specification and construction to one requiring simultaneous consideration of the system context system characteristics such as requirements, cost, schedule, operating and support environments, capabilities of products in the marketplace, and viable architectures and designs. Presents a cotsbased system cbs software defectreduction list as hypotheses, rather than results, that also serve as software challenges for enhancing our empirical understanding of cbss. Cotsbased functional ate g systems solution brief keysight. The international conference on cotsbased software systems iccbss focuses on the challenges of building and maintaining systems that incorporate cotssoftwareproducts. Dod security needs and cots based systems 1 dod security needs and cots based systems 1 introduction the practice of acquisition, development, and sustainment of complex software systems has changed considerably over the past few years. Software practitioners today are very familiar and comfortable with custom system development.
Cotsbased software systems 4th international conference. The commercial offtheshelf cots approach changed the focus of software engineering from one traditional system specification and construction to one requiring simultaneous consideration of the. The real costs of developing cots software arlene f. The world of software development has evolved rapidly in the last decade. This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the second international conference on cots based software systems, iccbss 2003, held in ottawa, canada in february 2003. A method for building quality models for composite cots based software systems. Introduction to cotsbased systems the seis cotsbased systems cbs work focuses on improving the technologies and practices used for assembling previously existing components cots and other nondevelopmental items into large software systems, and migrating existing systems toward cbs approaches. The use of quality models during the selection of commercial, offtheshelf cots products provides a framework for the description of the domains which the cots products belong to. Fifteen projects using a cotsbased approach were studied and their actual process was documented. The research and software practitioner communities have been working with cots based software systems for a number of years. Cots, mots, gots, and nots are abbreviations that describe prepackaged software or less commonly hardware purchase alternatives.
Adding security constraints to a cots based software sys. The seis cotsbased systems cbs work focuses on improving the technologies and practices used for assembling previously existing components cots and other nondevelopmental items into large software systems, and migrating existing systems toward cbs approaches. Each cotsbased system is viewed in terms of the services it provides. Fifteen projects using a cots based approach were studied and their actual process was documented. We propose the use of a domain ontology and specially constructed service adapters to facilitate the sharing. A management guide to software maintenance in cotsbased systems. The report discusses the definition of cots and cotsbased system. A management guide to software maintenance in cotsbased. Recss builds a goal model of the system environment which identifies the external elements that interact with it. In this paper we present costume composite software system quality model development, a method for the construction of quality models for composite cotsbased software systems hereafter, ccss, i. Quality and risk concerns currently limit the application of cots based system design to noncritical applications. F ederal organizations are relying more and more on commercial applications to supplement, enhance, or replace proprietary systems. Presents a cots based system cbs software defectreduction list as hypotheses, rather than results, that also serve as software challenges for enhancing our empirical understanding of cbss.
This process is evaluated to identify essential differences in comparison to traditional software development. Pdf requirements engineering for cotsbased software systems. Lecture notes in computer science 2959, springer 2004, isbn 354021903x. Realizing that cotsbased development represents a significant shift in the way the fdd does business, the sel decided to update its guidelines on recommended practice and processes 11.
Theconferencesponsors,thenationalresearchco cil canada, the software engineering institute, and the university of southern california center for software. The seis cots based systems cbs work focuses on improving the technologies and practices used for assembling previously existing components cots and other nondevelopmental items into large software systems, and migrating existing systems toward cbs approaches. Analyze software requirements software requirements analysis is a critical part of the software development process, although too often this activity is overlooked or glossed over in the rush to start building. Adding security constraints to a cotsbased software sys.
Lesson 1 the refresh and renewal process for cotsbased systems cbs. Commercialofftheshelf cots hardware and software for train. Third international conference, iccbss 2004, redondo beach, ca, usa, february 14, 2004. The processes do not address many of the challenges associated with building systems that contain large amounts of commercial offtheshelf cots software. Descriptions of cots products and user quality requirements may be translated into the quality concepts defined in the model, making selection more efficient and reliable. The team responsible for the execution of the project was guided by the principles taught in the cotsbased systems for program managers and cots software evaluation for practitioners training programs conducted by the cotsbased systems initiative at the. Each cots based system is viewed in terms of the services it provides. When we talk about integration or specifically cots integration, we actually mean the amalgamation of one cots software with other software. This trend has gradually evolved into cotsbased software development. Cotsbased software systems third international conference. This dependency is driven by the promise of improved functionality and reduced total ownership cost, as well as concern over the lack of capability to develop and maintain proprietary information technology applications.
Our methodology focuses on systems that operate in the same or similar application domains. The risks are compounded when cots software is integrated or networked with other software products to create a new composite application or a system of systems. Cots based software systems 4th international conference, iccbss 2005, bilbao, spain, february 711, 2005. Developing new processes for cots based systems lisa brownsword, tricia oberndorf, and carol a. The selection of the cots to be integrated is driven by the software system requirements. Cotsbased computer systems reduce risks to system developers the use of a cotsbased standard system means that much of the development code has already been written and debugged. Cotsbased software systems first international conference, iccbss 2002, orlando, fl, usa, february 46, 2002, proceedings.
Builderxcessory,xsoftware,sharedx,visualoptimizationpackage, xrunner gui,guibuilders matlab computingenvironment,datavisualization,applicationdevelopment. In the hope of reducing risks and costs associated with software development, organisations that rely on software systems are increasingly shifting from bespoke development to purchasing commercial offtheshelf cots products. In managing cots based systems, it is important to include not only the cots products that become part of the operational system, but also the cots products in the software development environment, and products that document the system requirements, and manage the. Cotsbased software systems, third international conference, iccbss 2004, redondo beach, ca, usa, february 14, 2004, proceedings. The international conference on cots based software systems iccbss focuses on the challenges of building and maintaining systems that incorporate cotssoftwareproducts. The content of this paper was generated from the work of the sei cots based systems cbs initiative. Cotsbased system design helps defense agencies build more flexible, adaptable, interoperable, and extensible systems.
Then it lists and discusses pros, cons and issues in cots based development. Quality and risk concerns currently limit the application of cotsbased system design to noncritical applications. Software engineering metrics for cots based systems t he paradigm shift to commercial offtheshelfcomponents appears inevitable, necessitating drastic changes to current software development and business practices. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of using commercial off theshelf cots processorbased systems for safetyrelated railroad applications. Selection processes carried out when procuring a ccss require not a single cots product to be selected but a set of them. Lncs 2959 cotsbased systems twelve lessons learned about. These activities and their cost drivers have been well defined in 5. After deployment, all software systems require an extensive and expensive phase of maintenance and management regardless of whether they are cotsbased or custom built. Commercial offtheshelf or commercially available offtheshelf cots products are packaged solutions which are then adapted to satisfy the needs of the purchasing organization, rather than the commissioning of custommade, or bespoke, solutions. Pdf maintaining a cotsbased systems semantic scholar. The other software can either be a cots or noncots. Realizing that cots based development represents a significant shift in the way the fdd does business, the sel decided to update its guidelines on recommended practice and processes 11. With a modular cots based test platform from g systems based on keysight instrumentation you can reduce the cost and development time of your functional ate allowing you to accelerate the deployment of your testing strategy.
The combinatio n of t hese two types of models allows dealing with two different axis of quality requirements in cot s based. Cotsbased software development within a particular nasa environment, with an emphasis on the processes used. Requirements engineering for cots based systems sciencedirect. Then it lists and discusses pros, cons and issues in cotsbased. Construction and deployment scripts for cotsbased, open. Request pdf cots based systems top 10 list presents a cots based system cbs software defectreduction list as hypotheses, rather than results, that also serve as software challenges for. For each lesson learned, we summarize our findings, provide a source for our observations, and suggest what it means relative to how we could improve the way that we manage the maintenance of cots products. Therefore, it is readily applicable to cotsbased multicore realtime systems. In the short space of about a decade, commercialofftheshelf cots software has evolved through being a relatively minor aspect of software development. Rick kazman, daniel port published by springer berlin heidelberg isbn. Cots acquisition evaluation process proceedings of the. Understanding how cots based systems are maintained, and why they are different from custombuilt systems, can lead to systems that are better and more costeffective over their lifetime. The content of this paper was generated from the work of the sei cotsbased systems cbs initiative. The team responsible for the execution of the project was guided by the principles taught in the cots based systems for program managers and cots software evaluation for practitioners training programs conducted by the cots based systems initiative at the software engineering institute.
Defense agencies meet readiness challenges with commercial off the shelf cots based systems the dependence on highly specialized hardware and software impedes the rapid deployment and enhancement of military systems. If the cots software contains severe security vulnerabilities it can introduce significant risk into an organizations software supply chain. The focus was to learn, mature, and transition principles, methods, and techniques for creating systems from commercial offtheshelf cots products. A dependable architecture for cotsbased software systems. In the evaluation section, we show the effect of our approach on a wellknown cots multicore platform. Cots systems can have some custom development, but in such a system, the emphasis is on configuration, not customization. Dod security needs and cotsbased systems 1 dod security needs and cotsbased systems 1 introduction the practice of acquisition, development, and sustainment of complex software systems has changed considerably over the past few years.
A cots software product is a vital component in cbs. Accelerate your test deployment with functional test systems based on commercialofftheshelf cots equipment. It considers the issues and risks in using cots software over the life cycle and how to control them. In this paper, we propose the recss method aimed at supporting requirements elicitation and analysis in the context of cots based software systems. Requirements engineering for cotsbased software systems.
There are technical, administrative, and financial issues to decide. Cotsbased software systems 4th international conference, iccbss 2005, bilbao, spain, february 711, 2005, proceedings. Software engineering metrics for cots based systems. Recss builds a goal model of the system environment which identifies the external elements that interact. With cotsbased systems, maintenance planning must control risks associated with rapid turnover of software products and the impact of these changes on the rest of the system. Investigating and improving a cotsbased software development. The report discusses the definition of cots and cots based system. Cots based systems top 10 list center for systems and cots based systems cbs provide the other cebase focus. Cotsbased systems top 10 list center for systems and cotsbased systems cbs provide the other cebase focus. A related term, milcots, refers to cots products for use by the u. A method for building quality models for composite cotsbased software systems. Sledge software engineering institute although commercial offtheshelf cots products are becoming increasingly popular, little information is available on how they affect existing software development processes or what new processes are needed. Software engineering institute pittsburgh, pa 1523890 construction and deployment scripts for cotsbased, open source systems cmusei99tr0 esctr990 wilfred j.
Pdf a dependable architecture for cotsbased software. Pdf commercial offtheshelf cots software components are built to be used as. A servicesharing methodology for integrating cotsbased. These criteria are generally based on evaluation assurance levels eals as specified in the common. The cots philosophy is based on the idea that there is great benefit to users in keeping systems as far to the right on this diagram as possible. This trend has gradually evolved into cots based software development. Cots based software systems 4th international conference, iccbss 2005, bilbao, spain, february 711, 2005, proceedings. Understanding how cots based systems are maintained, and why they are different from custombuilt systems, can lead to systems that are better and more costeffective over their. Cots based software systems, third international conference, iccbss 2004, redondo beach, ca, usa, february 14, 2004, proceedings. For achieving each of these goals, the approach prescribes four processes.
In particular, the use of commercial offtheshelf cots products as elements of larger systems is becoming increasingly commonplace, due to shrinking budgets, accelerating rates of cots enhancement, and expanding system requirements, according to the software engineering. The cots integrated systems are also known as cotsbasedsystems, abbreviated as cbs. Bounding memory interference delay in cotsbased multi. Developing new processes for cotsbased systems lisa brownsword, tricia oberndorf, and carol a.
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